What changes have occurred in global coffee production?

From the perspective of variety structure, Arabica coffee and Robusta coffee production account for about 54.3% and 45.7% respectively; in recent years, Robusta coffee has shown a stronger growth momentum. Compared with ten years ago, Arabica coffee production increased by 152,300 tons, an increase of about 2.75%, and its contribution rate to the growth of global coffee production was about 17.04%, while its share in global coffee production decreased by 3.47%; Robusta coffee production increased by 741,400 tons, an increase of about 18.28%, and its contribution rate to the growth of global coffee production was about 82.96%, and its share in global coffee production increased by 3.47%.

From the perspective of regional layout, there are 14 countries/regions with a global coffee production of more than 100,000 tons, which together produce 94.18% of the world's coffee production. Among them, 7 countries in the Americas produce 55.94% of the world's coffee production, including 4 North American countries (Honduras, Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua) and 3 South American countries (Brazil, Colombia, Peru); 5 Asian countries produce 29.72% of the world's coffee production, distributed in Southeast Asia (3: Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia), South Asia (India), East Asia (China); 2 African countries produce 8.52% of the world's coffee production, both distributed in East Africa, namely Ethiopia and Uganda.

Coffee is a beverage made from roasted and ground coffee beans. Because coffee beans are rich in caffeine, they have a significant refreshing effect. In addition, under the combined action of coffee oil and other ingredients, they exude a unique aroma and form a mellow taste. Coffee has gradually become popular around the world and is known as the world's three major beverages together with tea and cocoa. As coffee becomes more and more popular, the scale of global coffee production and trade has gradually expanded. Since the 21st century, the global demand for coffee has continued to grow, the planting area of ​​coffee trees has continued to expand, and the output of coffee beans has steadily increased.

Global coffee production is mainly concentrated in tropical or subtropical countries such as Brazil, Vietnam, Colombia, Indonesia, Ethiopia, India, and Uganda; coffee trade mainly occurs between the above major coffee producing countries and major coffee consuming countries such as the European Union, the United States, Japan, and the Philippines.

In recent years, the global coffee trade volume has shown a fluctuating growth trend. From 2013 to 2022, global coffee imports increased by 1.1218 million tons, an increase of about 15.98%; global coffee exports increased by 761,200 tons, an increase of about 9.84%; global coffee demand growth is more obvious.

The United States is the world's largest coffee importer. In 2023, the United States imported 1.626 million tons of coffee products, accounting for about 19.97% of global coffee imports; Japan's coffee imports were 462,000 tons, second only to the United States, accounting for about 5.67% of global coffee imports; the Philippines' coffee imports ranked third in the world, at 372,000 tons, accounting for about 4.57% of global coffee imports.

Brazil, Vietnam and Colombia rank the top three in the world in terms of coffee export volume. In 2023, Brazil's coffee exports will be 2.3427 million tons, accounting for about 27.58% of the global coffee exports; Vietnam's coffee exports will be 1.686 million tons, accounting for about 19.85% of the global coffee exports; Colombia's coffee exports will be 780,000 tons, accounting for about 9.18% of the global coffee exports.